Oxidation states, also known by many others as valency or oxidation number, is the charge of an atom IF IT WAS TO EXIST AS AN ION. Remember that oxidation states follow a few rule...
1)Elements have an oxidation state of zero.
2)The oxidation state of a simple ion is the charge of the ion.
3)The oxidation state of some elements in their compoounds is fixed.
4) The sum of the oxidation states of the elements in an ion is equal ti tge charge if the ion
Transition metals have variable oxidation states., most of them having names including Roman numeral(I,II,III,etc.)
For example copper(II) sulfate, the copper atom has an oxidation of 2, having a charge of 2+.
In potassium manganate (VII) the manganese atom has an oxidation state of 7+.
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